Plastic optical fiber development and domestic and international industry situation
Plastic optical fiber overview
A. Definition of plastic optical fiber
Plastic Optical Fiber (POF) is an optical fiber composed of a high refractive index polymer material (polymethyl methacrylate, PMMA) as the core and a low refractive index polymer material (PMMA, fluoroplastic) as the cladding. Like quartz optical fiber, plastic optical fiber also uses the principle of total reflection of light, the fiber core is a light dense medium, the cladding is a light sparse medium, so as long as a beam of light into the right angle, the light will be in the fiber inside the continuous total reflection and transmission to the other end. The loss of plastic optical fiber is generally less than 200dB/km, and there are mainly two types of Step-index and Graded-index.
Table 1 Classification of communication grade plastic optical fiber Classification SI-POF Core diameter um 980/1000 Numerical aperture 0.5 0.25 Loss dB/km ≤60@850nm@1300nm Transmission rate and distance 10Gbps*100m ≤200@650nm;≤100@520 1Gbps*50m GI-POF 120/500 Advantages of plastic optical fiber ： Light weight and small size
Visible light signal, harmless to human eyes Easy installation, no need for professional staff
No electromagnetic interference, no radiation, lightning and electricity protection Good shielding, strong confidentiality
Replace copper wire, low price, energy saving and environmental protection, simple maintenance
Second, plastic optical fiber technology development
International development overview
1, 1968 DuPont invented PMMA-based material as the core material of communication-grade plastic optical fiber.
2, 1980, Mitsubishi to high-purity MMA monomer polymerization PMMA, plastic optical fiber loss down to 100-200dB/km; 3, 1983, NTT began to replace the H atom in PMMA with deuterium, so that the lowest optical loss can reach 20dB/km, and can transmit near-infrared to visible light waves.
4, 1990, Keio University, Japan, Professor Koike assistant developed a successful refractive index gradient plastic optical fiber, the core material is fluorinated PMMA, the cladding is fluorinated plastic, manufactured with interfacial gel technology. The plastic fiber attenuation below 60db/km, light source 650-1300nm, 100m bandwidth 3GHz, transmission rate 10Gb / s; 5, 1994, Japan set up a "plastic optical fiber consortium" to jointly promote the application of plastic optical fiber to Mitsubishi, Toray and Asahi Glass, mainly; 6, 2000 OFC meeting, Japan ASAHI GLASS reported fluorinated gradient plastic optical fiber (GI-POF) attenuation coefficient at 850nm for 70dB/km, at 1300nm for 33dB/km, bandwidth has reached 100Mhz/km; 7, 2021, the European Telecommunications Commission promulgated the 100Mbit / s and 1Gbit / s plastic fiber system Specification"; 8, 2021 Japan Asahi Glass launched 1Gbps high-speed GI plastic optical fiber products.
Domestic development overview
1, the 1980s began plastic optical fiber research, mainly the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics and Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi'an Institute of Optical Precision Machinery Research
2, 2021, Sichuan Huiyuan plastic optical fiber successfully produced low-loss PMMA plastic optical fiber, and its loss (@ 650nm) reduced to less than 200dB/km, to meet the communication requirements; also has the production capacity of communication-grade plastic optical fiber, and Jiangxi Dasheng plastic optical fiber and the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics and Chemistry, the latter patented technology, plastic optical fiber loss can be reduced (@ 650nm) to 150dB/km. 650nm) down to 150dB/km or less. 3, 2021, the Ministry of Information Industry promulgated an industry standard for plastic optical fiber for communications, 2021 to complete the revision (YD/T1447-2021).
Third, plastic optical fiber industry overview
All-optical network and all-optical communication technology is the frontier technology in the field of fiber optic communication, is the real highway of the 21st century. At present, many countries have taken all-optical network as the basis for building "information superhighway" and elevated it to the height of strategic status. In the construction of fiber optic communication in various countries, quartz fiber optic cable has played a revolutionary role in long distance transmission, but in the process of fiber to the home at the end there are problems such as high connection difficulties, high production costs, high system installation and maintenance costs, which hinder the further development of optical communication.
The coexistence of fiber optic cable and cable hybrid network, because the low transmission speed of copper cable limits the speed of the entire network, it is difficult to be competent for high-speed transmission network of more than a gigabit. At the same time, the existence of copper cable also makes the network security is not effectively guaranteed. The practice of various countries shows that plastic optical fiber is a good solution to these problems of copper cable, not only the bandwidth can be increased to the level of 10 ~ 40G, and because plastic optical fiber has a series of advantages such as insensitive to vibration and good bending, light weight, not subject to electromagnetic interference, large core diameter, coupling and coupling is very easy, can do a fast and simple connection, no professional personnel. For near distance transmission, plastic optical fiber has really become the best overall performance, the most reliable, the most secure, the most cost-effective short-range transmission medium, is the most ideal medium for the last 100 meters of FTTH. In recent years, European and Japanese companies have made important progress in the development of plastic optical fiber. They have developed plastic optical fiber, optical loss rate has been reduced to 25 ~ 9 dB / km. its working wavelength has been extended to 870 microns (near infrared light), close to the practical level of quartz glass fiber. The United States developed a PFX plastic fiber series, with excellent irradiation resistance. In addition, the Opti-Giga plastic optical fiber developed by the Massachusetts Boston Fiber Optic Company is even more striking, it is not only lighter than glass, better flexibility, lower cost, and can transmit data within 100 meters at a speed of 3 megabits per second. This fiber can also use the refraction of light or light in the fiber jumping way to achieve higher transmission speeds. Now the U.S., Europe and Japan have used plastic optical fiber for short-haul transmission, such as automobiles, medical devices, photocopiers and so on.
The domestic plastic optical fiber industry has formed a complete industrial chain of raw materials, drawn fiber into cable, devices, chips, etc., uniting a wide range of participants from universities and research institutes, enterprises, government departments and platform institutions, with more than 32 major enterprises in the industry chain. At present, China's plastic optical fiber industry has distinctive features, such as complete industrial chain, focus on technology research and development, competitive cost, certain recognition in the international and domestic markets, a number of hard-working enterprises and entrepreneurs, and good industry self-regulation; at the same time, China's plastic optical fiber industry also has the overall small size of enterprises, technical areas also have bottlenecks, the lack of market awareness in various industries, resulting in plastic optical fiber although the initial reached the communication standard, but the future market valued at 50 billion yuan is not fully opened.
Fiber optic industry has been identified as a 100 billion industry in Chongqing to build, and is included in the 2021 municipal key projects and Chongqing "Thirteen Five" new materials industry key projects to promote. The project will effectively promote green, low-carbon, environmental protection and smart city construction, and promote the transformation and upgrading of traditional industrial structure. Chongqing Changshou Plastic Optical Fiber Material Industrial Park was officially opened in Changshou Economic Development Zone. The project is built by Chongqing Century Light Technology Industrial Co., Ltd. with huge investment, and will realize the industrialization of the scientific research projects of the Institute of Physics and Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences after completion.
The company specializes in the development, production and sales of the whole industry chain of communication-grade plastic optical fibers, optical cables, optoelectronic chips, optical modules, optical devices, optical equipment and other products, and provides a variety of new generation of plastic optical fiber communication solutions covering home and office access networks, automotive multimedia, industrial Ethernet, intelligent telematics and other fields. Relying on the Institute of Physical and Chemical Technology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the company is working hard to build the most advanced technology system, the most complete product system and the most perfect service system based on the integration of international and domestic leading high-end materials, optical fiber production technology and optical fiber transceiver technology. The company is striving to build the most advanced technology system, the most complete product system and the most perfect service system.
